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Jasper Verhoeven
Specialist Hygiene & Disinfection | June 26, 2023 | 4 min. reading time

• Drip system cleaning after cultivation
• Drip irrigation cleaning chemicals
• Drip cleaning with Acid

The most efficient way to clean the drip system is by cleaning with chlorine bleach (cleaning of organic contamination) and nitric acid (cleaning of mineral contamination). During the cleaning with chlorine bleach and nitric acid pH levels are reached that are harmful to the crops, which is why it is advised against cleaning with these materials during cultivation. This way of cleaning is only applied during crop rotation. To keep the drip lines clean during cultivation we advise the use of an ECA-unit or hydrogen peroxide. Keeping the drip lines clean during cultivation with these materials will minimize the need for cleaning during crop rotation.

Most irrigation systems require chemical intervention to ensure the proper functioning of drip emitters. Different types of cleaning chemicals are available for drip irrigation systems, each offering varying degrees of effectiveness, application methods, and associated risks. One of these cleaning chemicals for drip irrigation is acid treatment. Cleaning chemicals with acid are commonly employed to dissolve lime deposits and calcium residue. However, acid treatments proved ineffective against organic matter like algae and requires to be handled with maximum care to prevent harm to the skin or plants. Another cleaning chemical that can be used for cleaning is hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide functions as a powerful oxidizing agent, releasing oxygen atoms that swiftly oxidize organic matter. Hydrogen peroxide is a potent disinfectant that gets rid of harmful bacteria, algae, fungi, and other microorganisms that can cause blockages or contamination in your irrigation system. Handling peroxides necessitates utmost care, as they have the potential to cause severe burns to the skin or plant material upon contact.

The use of acid treatment has proven to be an effective method for cleaning water and drip irrigation systems. Drip cleaning with acid offers several benefits that contribute to efficient water flow, while also safeguarding the health of your plants. However, it is crucial to understand the potential risks involved and follow proper guidelines to ensure the safe and effective utilization of these products. A major benefit of acid-based cleaners is their ability to dissolve and eliminate mineral deposits, such as calcium carbonate and ferric oxides, which often cause clogging issues. This leads to improved nutrient delivery, water distribution, and ultimately, better crop yields. However, it is essential to be aware of the potential harm to plants if not used correctly. Acid solutions must be handled with caution to prevent direct contact with foliage or plant surfaces, as this can result in burns, discoloration, or even plant damage. By choosing the right acid cleaner, adhering to proper application methods, and following safety guidelines, you can improve the overall performance of your drip system while safeguarding the health and vitality of your plants.

Cleaning your drip system is best completed by using the order of operations described below.

1. When using cleaning materials always have your own safety in mind and use personal protective equipment.
2. Ensure with your supplier/manufacturer that your drip system is suitable for mentioned materials/working time.
3. Remove end caps and rinse drip lines well to remove debris. Take care when increasing pressure, so dislodged debris does not clog capillaries.
4. Isolate pH- and EC-probes, ensuring they do not come in contact with the cleaning products.  

1. Fill the system with a solution of 15% chlorine (dosage 3 liters of chlorine to 100 liters of water).
   - Let the cleaning solution reach the sand filters to clean them as well.
   - By measuring pH levels (pH>11)you can check whether the chlorine has reached the end of your system.
2. After allowing the solution to work for 6 hours, let the solution drip out for one minute and, after that, refill the system with “fresh” chlorine solution. (3 liters of chlorine to 100 liters of water).
   - Put the drippers beside the slab to prevent contact with the substrate.
3. After 24 hours rinse the system thoroughly with “clean water” and afterwards rinse the drippers with “clean water”.
   - Attention: never allow chlorine bleach to come in contact with nitric acid.
4. Fill the drip system with a solution of 38% nitric acid (3 liters of 38% nitric acid to 100 liters of water)
   - By measuring pH levels (pH<2)you can check whether the acid has reached the end of your system.
5. After allowing the solution to work for 6 hours, let the solution drip out for one minute and, after that, refill your system with a “fresh” nitric acid solution (3 liters of 38% nitric acid to 100 liters of water).
   - Put the drippers beside the slab to prevent contact with the substrate.
6. After 24 hours rinse the drip system thoroughly with “clean water” and afterwards rinse the drippers with “clean water”. 

Want to learn on how to clean the drip system during cultivation and read more about hydrogen peroxide? Read the article about cleaning the drip system during cultivation here. 

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What is the difference between cleaning and disinfection?
Cleaning and disinfection are of great importance for hygienic cultivation. It’s the only way to prevent diseases, bacteria and pests, and to prevent infection of crops. But they are not the same; there is an important difference.

How do I clean materials?
Soiling caused by the remains of plants, plant sap, soil, dust and other organic materials strongly adheres to various surfaces. A thorough cleaning is therefore of great importance in order to work hygienically and should always occur prior to starting the disinfection.

What is the contact time of disinfectants on viruses?
A disinfection product needs a certain contact time to work effectively. One product has a longer contact time than another. Not only does contact time differ between disinfectants, it differs per organism to be killed as well.